Guide

EPUB vs PDF: which format for which job

They are not competing formats. One reflows for screens, the other fixes the page for print. Most self-published books need both, for different destinations.

By the Book Publishing Tools Online team · Updated 2026-09-07 · 4 min read

The difference in one sentence

An EPUB reflows: the text re-wraps to the reader's screen and font size. A PDF fixes the page: every reader sees the same layout at the same size, which is what a printer needs and what a phone screen hates.

Which format where

DestinationFormatNotes
Amazon Kindle (KDP ebook)EPUBKDP converts it to Kindle format on upload
Apple BooksEPUBEPUB only
Kobo, Google Play, aggregatorsEPUBSome also accept PDF, but EPUB reads better
KDP paperback interiorPDFFixed pages at the trim size, fonts embedded
Print coverPDFOne wide image: back, spine, front
Direct sales, workbooks, samplesEitherPDF if the layout matters; EPUB if reading on phones matters

Why not just sell the PDF?

Because readers read on phones. A PDF page designed for 6 × 9 paper becomes a pinch-and-zoom exercise on a five-inch screen, and the stores know it: Apple Books will not take one, and Kindle treats PDFs as second-class. An EPUB gives every reader the font size they want and lets the store's app do its job.

Why not just sell the EPUB?

Because print is a different product. Paperbacks need fixed pages, real page numbers, a spine, and a cover with bleed. That is a PDF job. The good news is that both come from the same manuscript: the EPUB Creator exports an EPUB and a print-style PDF from one project with the same chapter styling.

A simple plan

  1. Format the manuscript once, with Heading 1 chapters and clean scene breaks.
  2. Export the EPUB and upload it to every ebook store.
  3. Export the print PDF, check it against the printer's interior rules, and use it for the paperback.
  4. Design the print cover as a PDF and the ebook cover as a JPEG.